Minimization of Distortion During Gas Metal Arc Welding Process: A Review

Abstract

The gas metal arc welding (MIG) process is widely used in many appliances because of its versatility. For GMAW process, metals like carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminium, copper, low-alloy steel are widely used in all positions. Butt joint, lap joint, T-joint, edge joint, corner joint are the common types of joints used in welding. The change of shape and dimensions that occur after welding is known as distortion that leads to undesirable results. And to overcome this, it requires mitigation of distortion within the limits. A large number of resources are used now a day for reworking the welds. But it causes higher cost of production and delay for completing the work. Higher amount of residual stresses may generate if the distortion is controlled physically during welding. This work is aimed to predict and reduce distortion with MIG welding process parameters. Using various designs of experiments methods, straight and indirect effects of the process parameters can be determined and process parameters can be optimized.